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Agave
Agave spp.
About this plant
Agaves (pronounced uh-GAH-vay) are iconic succulents of the Sonoran Desert, known for their dramatic rosette forms and spiky leaves. These slow-growing perennials can live for decades, with many species flowering only once at the end of their life cycle. Agaves have been used by desert peoples for millennia for food, fiber, and medicine, and they provide important habitat and food sources for wildlife.
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Quick ID Checklist
- Thick, fleshy leaves arranged in a symmetrical rosette
- Sharp terminal spine at the tip of each leaf
- Leaves often have serrated or toothed margins
- Typically grows close to the ground until flowering
- Common on rocky slopes, desert flats, and hillsides
Seasonal Notes
Agaves grow slowly year-round but are most active during warmer months. Many species flower only once after decades of growth, producing a tall flowering stalk before the plant dies. Flowering typically occurs in late spring or summer depending on species and rainfall.
Uses
Agaves have long been used by Indigenous peoples for food, fiber, and tools. Roasted agave hearts were an important traditional food source, and fibers from the leaves were used to make rope and textiles. They are also used to make fermented drinks, such as tequila.
Ethics + Disclaimers
This site does not provide harvesting guidance.
Wildlife Value
Agave flowers provide an important nectar source for bats, birds, and insects. When flowering, agaves can support large numbers of pollinators. Dense rosettes also offer shelter for small desert animals.
Interesting Facts
- Many agave species flower only once after 10 to 50 years of growth
- Flower stalks can reach 20–30 feet tall
- The tall flowering stalk can grow several inches per day
- After flowering, the main plant dies but often produces pups at its base
- Agaves are often confused with cacti but are not closely related